Impact analysis of nursing interventions guided by the IKAP theory and standardized care in wound ostomy patients
伤口造口患者运用IKAP理论指导的护理干预、规范化护理的影响分析

摘要

目的 伤口造口患者运用信息-知识-信念-行为（IKAP）理论指导的护理干预、规范化护理的影响分析。方法 观察对象为60例伤口造口患者，回顾性分析基线资料，进入本院时间2025年3月-2026年5月，随机分为F组与Q组，各30例，F组运用IKAP理论指导的护理干预、规范化护理，Q组行基础化护理，对F组与Q组护理满意度、自护能力、消极情绪等指标进行对比。结果 F组护理满意度（93.33%）比Q组（73.33%）高，差异显著（P<0.05）。F组患者的自我护理总分达到（126.25±19.06）分，相较于Q组的（105.42±16.15）分更高，差异显著（P<0.05）。护理前，F组与Q组焦虑自评量表（SAS）、抑郁自评量表（SDS）评分相近（P>0.05）；护理后，F组与Q组SAS与SDS评分均下降，且F组低于Q组，差异显著（P<0.05）。结论 伤口造口患者运用IKAP理论指导的护理干预、规范化护理的影响更大，值得推广。

Abstract

Objective To analyze the impact of nursing interventions guided by the Information-Knowledge-Attitude-Practice (IKAP) theory and standardized nursing on patients with wound ostomies.
Methods A total of 60 patients with wound ostomies were observed, with baseline data retrospectively analyzed. The study period spanned from March 2025 to May 2026, and participants were randomly divided into the F group (30 cases) and the Q group (30 cases). The F group received nursing interventions guided by the IKAP theory and standardized nursing, while the Q group received basic nursing care. Comparisons were made between the two groups in terms of nursing satisfaction, self-care ability, and negative emotions.
Results The nursing satisfaction rate in the F group (93.33%) was significantly higher than that in the Q group (73.33%), with a significant difference (P<0.05). The total self-care score of the F group reached (126.25±19.06), which was significantly higher than that of the Q group (105.42±16.15), with a significant difference (P<0.05). Before nursing, the Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS), Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS) scores of the F and Q groups were similar (P>0.05); after nursing, both groups showed decreased SAS and SDS scores, with the F group scoring lower than the Q group, demonstrating a significant difference (P<0.05).
Conclusion   Nursing interventions guided by the IKAP theory and standardized nursing have a greater impact on patients with wound ostomies and are worthy of promotion.