Research on the epidemic status and multi dimensional comprehensive intervention strategies of sarcopenia in elderly communities in Guangxi
广西社区老年人肌少症流行现状及多维度综合干预策略研究

摘要

目的 探讨广西社区老年人肌少症流行现状及多维度综合干预策略。方法 采用分层整群随机抽样法，选取广西南宁在南宁市第二人民医院下属社区卫生服务中心及医养联合体招募的约200名60岁及以上老年人作为研究对象，根据亚洲肌少症工作组共识（AWGS 2019）诊断标准展开筛查，收集研究对象一般资料、生活习惯及身体指标，并通过生物电阻抗法（BIA）评估其四肢骨骼肌量，通过握力计进行握力评估，通过6米步速测定进行肌肉功能测定，分析肌少症流行特征及影响因素。结果 200例老年人中共计41例确诊为肌少症，患病率为20.50%，其中男性患病率为15.09%，女性患病率为26.60%，女性更高（P＜0.05）；60-69岁人群患病率为9.03%，70-79岁人群患病率为20.55%，80岁及以上为43.90%，60-69岁人群更低（P＜0.05）。肌少症组四肢骨骼肌量、握力、步速显著低于非肌少症组（P＜0.001）。结论 广西社区老年人肌少症患病率处于中等水平，主要影响因素包括性别、年龄、营养状况、运动习惯等，应该构建多维度综合干预体系，以改善老年人的机体健康状况。

Abstract

Objective To explore the current prevalence of sarcopenia among elderly people in Guangxi communities and to develop multidimensional comprehensive intervention strategies.
Methods A stratified cluster random sampling method was used to select about 200 elderly people aged 60 and above recruited from the community health service center and medical nursing consortium under the Second People's Hospital of Nanning, Guangxi as the research subjects. Screening was carried out according to the diagnostic criteria of the Asian Sarcopenia Working Group Consensus (AWGS 2019). General information, lifestyle habits, and physical indicators of the research subjects were collected, and their limb skeletal muscle mass was evaluated by bioelectrical impedance spectroscopy (BIA). Grip strength was evaluated by a grip strength meter, and muscle function was measured by measuring the 6-meter walking speed. The prevalence characteristics and influencing factors of sarcopenia were analyzed.
Results Among 200 elderly people, a total of 41 were diagnosed with sarcopenia, with a prevalence rate of 20.50%. The prevalence rate was 15.09% in males and 26.60% in females, with females having a higher prevalence rate (P<0.05); The incidence rate of the 60-69 age group is 9.03%, the incidence rate of the 70-79 age group is 20.55%, the incidence rate of the 80 year old and above is 43.90%, and the incidence rate of the 60-69 age group is even lower (P<0.05). The skeletal muscle mass, grip strength, and walking speed of the limbs in the sarcopenia group were significantly lower than those in the non sarcopenia group (P<0.001).
Conclusion   The prevalence of sarcopenia among elderly people in Guangxi communities is at a moderate level, and the main influencing factors include gender, age, nutritional status, exercise habits, etc. A multidimensional comprehensive intervention system should be constructed to improve the physical health status of the elderly.