Clinical comparative study on the impact of two different disinfection methods on infection rates at venipuncture sites
两种不同消毒方法对静脉穿刺部位感染率的临床对比研究

摘要

目的 探讨氯己定与碘伏两种不同消毒方法对重症医学科患者静脉穿刺部位感染率的影响，并结合铜绿假单胞菌的感染分布及耐药性特征进行分析，为临床消毒策略优化提供科学依据。方法 选取2018年至2022年期间某医院重症医学科接受静脉穿刺治疗的患者220例，记录其感染部位分布及主要病原菌特征，同时对患者随机施以氯己定或碘伏消毒方案进行干预。依据消毒方法分为氯己定组和碘伏组，比较两组静脉穿刺部位感染发生率，并结合铜绿假单胞菌耐药性分析数据探讨其消毒效果。结果 临床对比结果显示，氯己定组患者静脉穿刺部位感染率显著低于碘伏组（P<0.05）。结论 氯己定消毒方法可有效降低静脉穿刺部位感染率，其消毒效果优于碘伏，尤其对铜绿假单胞菌高耐药性病例具有一定控制作用。

Abstract

Objective To investigate the effects of chlorhexidine and povidone-iodine, two different disinfection methods, on the infection rates at venipuncture sites in patients in the intensive care unit, and to analyze the infection distribution and drug resistance characteristics of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to provide a scientific basis for optimizing clinical disinfection strategies.
Methods A total of 220 patients who underwent venipuncture treatment in the intensive care unit of a hospital from 2018 to 2022 were selected. The distribution of infection sites and the characteristics of the main pathogens were recorded. Patients were randomly assigned to either chlorhexidine or povidone-iodine disinfection protocols. The patients were divided into chlorhexidine and povidone-iodine groups according to the disinfection method. The infection rates at venipuncture sites were compared between the two groups, and the disinfection effects were discussed in combination with the drug resistance analysis data of Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
Results The clinical comparative results showed that the infection rate at venipuncture sites in the chlorhexidine group was significantly lower than that in the povidone-iodine group(P<0.05).
Conclusion   Chlorhexidine disinfection can effectively reduce the infection rate at venipuncture sites, with a better disinfection effect than povidone-iodine, especially in controlling cases with high drug resistance to Pseudomonas aeruginosa.