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当前位置：国际医学与数据杂志 > 2025年 9卷 (1)期

Open Access Article

International Journal of Medicine and Data. 2025; 9: (1) ; 5-12 ; DOI: 10.12208/j.ijmd.20250002.

Progress in artificial intelligence research on coronary artery plaques
人工智能在冠状动脉斑块检测和风险评估中的应用进展

作者： 王韦, 徐建华, 牡丹 *

南京鼓楼医院集团仪征医院江苏南京

*通讯作者：牡丹,单位：南京鼓楼医院集团仪征医院江苏南京；

江苏省卫生健康委员会2022年度医学科研立项项目（M2022066）

发布时间: 2025-02-27 总浏览量: 30

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摘要

本综述探讨了AI在冠状动脉斑块检测和风险评估中的应用，强调了AI技术在提高诊断准确性和效率方面的关键作用。传统的影像学方法对易损斑块的识别的精确度和效率上存在一定挑战。近年来，人工智能（AI）的介入为这一领域带来了新的突破。AI在冠状动脉斑块检测中的应用，特别是在冠状动脉CTA图像后处理技术中，极大地提高了诊断的时间效率和准确性，通过自动分割图像，辅助医生识别高危斑块，使得无症状低危人群的风险筛查更加精准。AI不仅能检测斑块，还能对其成分进行深入分析，有效提高了斑块识别和评估的准确性。AI在预测冠状动脉疾病中的应用尤为突出，通过构建和验证风险预测模型对冠心病患者进行风险评估。在实际临床中，已经有成功案例显示AI技术能显著缩短分析时间，并提高诊断一致性。然而，其应用仍存在一些局限性，如受限于数据集的规模和质量。在冠状动脉疾病领域，AI的精准医疗应用前景广阔，能够实现个性化的早期检测、准确分析和有效干预，但需进一步优化数据集和算法以实现更高水平的预防和治疗。

关键词： 冠状动脉斑块；人工智能；深度学习；图像分割；风险评估模型；心血管疾病

Abstract

This review explores the application of AI in coronary plaque detection and risk assessment, emphasizing the key role of AI technology in improving diagnostic accuracy and efficiency. There are certain challenges in the accuracy and efficiency of traditional imaging methods for identifying vulnerable plaques. In recent years, the intervention of artificial intelligence (AI) has brought new breakthroughs to this field. The application of AI in coronary artery plaque detection, especially in the post-processing technology of coronary CTA images, greatly improves the time efficiency and accuracy of diagnosis. By automatically segmenting images, it assists doctors in identifying high-risk plaques, making the risk screening of asymptomatic low-risk populations more accurate. AI can not only detect plaques but also conduct in-depth analysis of their components, effectively improving the accuracy of plaque recognition and evaluation. The application of AI in predicting coronary artery disease is particularly prominent, by constructing and validating risk prediction models to assess the risk of coronary heart disease patients. In actual clinical practice, successful cases have shown that AI technology can significantly shorten analysis time and improve diagnostic consistency. However, its application still has some limitations, such as being restricted by the size and quality of the dataset. In the field of coronary artery disease, the precision medicine application of AI has broad prospects, which can achieve personalized early detection, accurate analysis, and effective intervention. However, further optimization of datasets and algorithms is needed to achieve higher levels of prevention and treatment.

Key words： Coronary artery plaque; artificial intelligence; Deep learning; Image segmentation; Risk assessment model; Cardiovascular disease

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引用本文

王韦, 徐建华, 牡丹, 人工智能在冠状动脉斑块检测和风险评估中的应用进展[J]. 国际医学与数据杂志, 2025; 9: (1) : 5-12.

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