摘要
甲状腺癌（Thyroid carcinoma，TC）目前在是内分泌疾病中拥有最高发病率的一种恶性疾病，约60%人群中的成年人中就患有1个或多个甲状腺结节的问题因为常规超声图像对甲状腺结节表现多样，良恶性结节之间图像表现具有重叠部分。因此在超声的发展过程中，超声造影（contrastenhanced ultrasound，CEUS）及细针穿刺活检（fine-needle aspiration biopsy，FNAB）正逐渐应用到对甲状腺良恶性结节的诊断及评估当中，各自发挥其诊断价值，使的医生更加有准确的判断甲状腺结节的良恶性质。识别出来具有临床治疗意义的甲状腺恶性结节，以避免过度诊断和治疗是目前临床对甲状腺结节风险管理不可忽视的挑战。
关键词： 甲状腺结节；超声造影；细针穿刺活检；良恶性鉴别；诊断价值
Abstract
Thyroid carcinoma (TC) is currently the most common malignant disease among endocrine diseases. About 60% of adults in the population suffer from one or more thyroid nodules. Because conventional ultrasound images show a variety of thyroid nodules, there is an overlap between benign and malignant nodules. Therefore, in the development of ultrasound, contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) and fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) are gradually being used in the diagnosis and evaluation of benign and malignant thyroid nodules, each playing its diagnostic value, so that doctors can more accurately judge the benign and malignant nature of thyroid nodules. Identifying malignant thyroid nodules with clinical therapeutic significance to avoid overdiagnosis and treatment is a challenge that cannot be ignored in the current clinical risk management of thyroid nodules.
Key words： Thyroid nodules; Ultrasound contrast imaging; Fine needle aspiration biopsy; Differentiation of benign and malignant tumors; Diagnostic value
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