Risk factors of nosocomial infection in immunology laboratory of laboratory
检验科免疫实验室医院感染危险因素探究

摘要

目的 对检验科免疫实验室医院感染的相关危险因素进行详细分析，并试图找出相应的控制措施。方法 随机抽取2019年1月-2022年3月间来镇平县人民医院检验科进行免疫检验的800例标本为研究对象开展实验分析，主要分为甲型肝炎病毒标本、结核抗体标本、梅毒病毒标本和人类免疫缺陷病毒标本等四种，针对上述四种标本对病毒类型和阳性率等进行分析。结果 根据本次800例标准检验结果进行分析发现，阳性检出率为10.38%；其中梅毒患者、结核患者、甲型肝炎病毒携带者、免疫缺陷病毒患者数量分别为45例、308例、418例、29例，四种病毒阳性的检出率分别为5.63%、38.5%、52.25%、3.62%。差异显著，P<0.05。结论 医院检验科免疫实验室需要针对医院感染中存在的各类危险进行进行全面分析，并以分析结果为基准采取有效应对措施，对检验人员职业暴露进行有效控制，这样才能实现医院后感染的良好控制，才能有效提升实验室安全，避免出现检验人员感染问题。

Abstract

Objective To analyze the relevant risk factors of nosocomial infection in the laboratory of immunology and try to find out the corresponding control measures.
Methods 800 samples from the laboratory of Zhenping County People's Hospital from January 2019 to March 2022 were randomly selected for experimental analysis. According to the digital random method, the samples were evenly divided into four types: hepatitis A virus samples, tuberculosis antibody samples, syphilis virus samples and human immunodeficiency virus samples. The virus type and positive rate were analyzed for the above four samples.
Results According to the analysis of 800 standard test results, the positive detection rate was 10.38%; Among them, the number of syphilis patients, tuberculosis patients, hepatitis A virus carriers, and immunodeficiency virus patients were 45, 308, 418, and 29, respectively. The positive rates of the four viruses were 5.63%, 38.5%, 52.25%, and 3.62%, respectively. The difference was significant (P<0.05).
Conclusion   The immune laboratory of the hospital laboratory needs to carry out a comprehensive analysis of all kinds of risks existing in hospital infection, and take effective countermeasures based on the analysis results to effectively control the occupational exposure of laboratory personnel, so as to achieve a good control of post-hospital infection, effectively improve the laboratory safety, and avoid the problem of infection of laboratory personnel.